Diagnóstico imagenológico en el Síndrome de Abernethy

El shunt portosistémico congénito (SPSC) o Síndrome de Abernethy es una patología muy poco frecuente, descrita por primera vez en 1793 por John Abernethy. Existen dos tipos de SPSC: tipo I (shunt terminolateral) en el que existe ausencia total de flujo portal intrahepático y tipo II (shunt laterolateral) con flujo portal parcialmente conservado. Los SPSC tipo I se presentan predominantemente en el sexo femenino y se asocian con múltiples malformaciones como poliesplenia, malrotación y cardiopatía. Los tipo II, aún más raros, afectan a ambos sexos y no suelen presentar malformaciones asociadas. La encefalopatía hepática es una complicación posible en ambos tipos de SPSC en la edad adulta. El trasplante hepático es el único tratamiento descrito para el SPSC tipo I cuando se vuelve sintomático, mientras que la ligadura del shunt es una opción quirúrgica para el tipo II. Objetivo: Presentar el diagnóstico imagenológico en un paciente adulto con Síndrome de Abernethy tipo 1B.Congenital portosystemic shunt (CEPS) or Abernethy Syndrome is a rare condition that was first reported by John Abernethy in 1793. Two types of CEPS are described: type I (side to end anastomosis) or congenital absence of the portal vein, and type II (side to side anastomosis) with portal vein supply partially conserved. Type I CEPS is usually seen in girls and associates multiple malformations as polysplenia, malrotation, and cardiac anomalies. Type II is even rarer with no sex preference and no malformations associated. Hepatic encephalopathy is a common complication of both types in adulthood. Liver transplantation is the only effective treatment for symptomatic type I CEPS. A therapeutic approach for type II could be surgical closure of the shunt. Objective: To present the imagenological diagnosis an adult patient with Abernethy Syndrome type 1B.Fil: Pérez Monteleone, Leonardo E.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Cirugía General.Fil: Manzino, Ricardo. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Cirugía General.Fil: Gutierrez, Mario. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Cirugía General.Fil: Bufaliza, Jorge. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Cirugía General.Fil: Correa, Roberto. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Cirugía General

Social network communications in chilean older adults

The growth of older adults in new regions poses challenges for public health. We know that these seniors live increasingly alone, and this impairs their health and general wellbeing. Studies suggest that social networking sites (SNS) can reduce isolation, improve social participation, and increase autonomy. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the characteristics of older adult users of SNS in these new territories. Without this information, it is not possible to improve the adoption of SNS in this population. Based on decision trees, this study analyzes how the elderly users of various SNS in Chile are like. For this purpose, a segmentation of the di erent groups of elderly users of social networks was constructed, and the most discriminating variables concerning the use of these applications were classified. The results highlight the existence of considerable di erences between the various social networks analyzed in their use and characterization. Educational level is the most discriminating variable, and gender influences the types of SNS use. In general, it is observed that the higher the educational level, the more the di erent social networking sites are used

Estudios transversales: Cross-sectional studies

Cross-sectional studies are epidemiological design which can be considered as descriptive or analytical designs depending on the general objective. This is a quickly and economical design and allows to calculate the prevalence of a condition. Also, the relationship of temporality between the exposition and the outcome is being measured simultaneously on a unique period, not being possible to identify a directionality in the temporality. When there is an analytic objective, the association measure used is the Prevalence Ratio (PR), specially when the prevalence of the outcome is more or equal to 10% or the Odds Ratio (OR) when that prevalence is lower. To quantify this association different regression models like Binomial log or Poisson log can be used, including generalized lineal models. If the association measure is OR, the most common used model is the multiple logistic regression.Los estudios observacionales transversales pueden ser de tipo descriptivos o también analíticos dependiendo del objetivo general. Este diseño es rápido, económico y permite el cálculo directo de la prevalencia de una condición. Además, la relación de temporalidad entre la exposición y el efecto son medidas de forma simultánea en un único período, no siendo posible identificar una direccionalidad en la temporalidad. Cuando estos estudios persiguen un objetivo general analítico, la medida de asociación es la Razón de Prevalencias (RP), especialmente cuando la prevalencia del efecto es mayor o igual a 10% o el Odds Ratio (OR) cuando la prevalencia es baja. Para cuantificar esta asociación pueden utilizarse diferentes modelos de regresión como el binomial log o Poisson log, incluyendo los modelos lineales generalizados. Cuando la medida de asociación a utilizar es el OR, el modelo más comúnmente empleado es la regresión logística múltiple.&nbsp

Gender influence in perception and adoption of e-learning platforms

The main objective of this study is to examine gender differences and the adoption of technology in higher education students. TAM model is the tool used to measure the acceptance and use of e-learning of the respondents. We used Partial Least Squares (PLS), specifically, the PLS multi-group analysis was used to compare differences between groups. In summary, results show that students’ behavior of acceptance of elearning technology do not manifest statistically significant differences between women and men

The Relationship between Socioeconomic Status, Family Income, and Measures of Muscular and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Colombian Schoolchildren

Objective To determine the associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and physical fitness in a sample of Colombian youth. Study design Prueba SER is cross-sectional survey of schoolchildren in Bogota, Colombia. Mass, stature, muscular fitness (standing long-jump, handgrip), and cardiorespiratory fitness (20-m shuttle run) were measured in 52 187 schoolchildren 14-16 years of age. Area-level SES was categorized from 1 (very low) to 4 (high) and parent-reported family income was categorized as low, middle, or high. Results Converting measures into z scores showed stature, muscular, and cardiorespiratory fitness were significantly (z = 0.3-0.7) below European values. Children in the mid- and high SES groups jumped significantly further than groups with very low SES. Differences were independent of sex but became nonsignificant when adjusted for anthropometric differences. Participants in the mid-SES and high-SES groups had better handgrip scores when adjusted for body dimension. There were, however, no significant between-group differences in cardiorespiratory fitness, which was strongly clustered by school and significantly greater in students from private schools. Conclusions Area-level SES is associated with measures of muscular fitness in Colombian schoolchildren. These associations were largely explained by the large differences in body dimensions observed between SES groups. When area-level SES is considered, there was no evidence that family income influenced fitness. The clustering of outcomes reaffirms the potential importance of schools and area-level factors in promoting fitness through opportunities for physical activity. Interventions implemented in schools, can improve academic attainment; a factor likely to be important in promoting the social mobility of children from poorer families

Albumina e índice neutrófilo-linfocito como predictores de estadío tumoral en pacientes con cáncer gástrico: Albumin and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as predictors of tumor stage in patients with gastric cancer

Introduction: Gastric cancer is a public health problem worldwide. Objective: To determine the association between albumin, inflammatory markers and tumor stage of gastric cancer patients in a National Hospital of Peru. Methods: An observational, analytical and retrospective study corresponding to the 2017 and 2018 years. The frequencies and distribution of the variables were evaluated: clinical stage according to the AJCC 2018, albumin as a nutrition indicator and Neutrophil Lymphocyte-Ratio (NLR) as an indicator of inflammatory and immune response. The value 2.44 was taken as the cut-off point for high NLR. Results: Were included 96 patients. The average age was 63.5 years ± 12.8, the male: female ratio was 1: 1, 80.2% came from the region of the coast of Peru; 70.8% had an advanced clinical stage and 85.4% corresponded to tumor size T3 and T4. 64% presented undifferentiated histological grade and 30.1 showed evidence of metastasis. The mean NLR was 2.94 ± 1.7, and albumin was 3.64 g / dl ± 0.6. In the bivariate analysis, a significant association was found between the high level of NLR and the advanced clinical stage (OR: 4.46 95% CI 1.65-13.27 p <0.001), and between low levels of serum albumin with advanced stage (OR: 13.02 95% CI 1.78-563.36 p <0.005). Conclusion: A late diagnosis was found in 70% of the patients. High NLR as an indicator of inflammatory response and low albumin as an indicator of nutrition are predictors of advanced clinical stage in gastric cancer.Introducción: El cáncer gástrico es un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre albumina, marcadores inflamatorios y el estadío tumoral de los pacientes con cáncer gástrico en un Hospital Nacional del Perú. Métodos: Estudio de tipo observacional, analítico y retrospectivo correspondiente a los años 2017 y 2018. Se evaluaron las frecuencias y distribucion de las variables de estadío clínico según el AJCC 2018, albúmina como indicador de nutricion e Índice-Neutrófilo Linfocito (INL) como indicador de respuesta inflamatoria-inmunológica. Se consideró 2,44 como el punto de corte para INL elevado. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 96 pacientes. La edad promedio fue de 63,5 años ±12,8, la relacion hombre:mujer fue de 1:1, 80,2% provenían de la region de la costa del Perú; 70,8% tuvieron un estadío clínico avanzado y 85,4% correspondió a tamaño tumoral T3 y T4. El 64% presento grado histológico indiferenciado y un 30,1 mostró evdiencia de metástasis. La media de INL fue 2,94 ± 1,7, y de albúmina fue 3,64 g/dl ± 0,6, En el análisis bivariado se encontró una asociación significativa entre el nivel elevado de INL y el estadío clínico avanzado (OR: 4,46 IC 95% 1,65-13,27 p<0,001), y entre os niveles bajos de albúmina sérica con estadio avanzado (OR: 13,02 IC 95% 1,78-5,36 p<0,005). Conclusión: Se encontró un diagnóstico tardío en el 70% de los pacientes. El INL elevado como indicador de respuesta inflamatoria y la albúmina baja como indicador de nutricion son factores predictivos de estadio clínico avanzado en cáncer gástrico

Segmentation of App Users in Non-University Education (Segmentación de Usuarios de Apps en Educación no Universitaria)

Education is one of the most important public services, especially from a budgetary point of view. The objective of this study is to make a segmentation of the users of the Apps to manage the relationships 212of families with educational centers. This segmentation is done through the internet lifestyle scale (e-lifestyle). By discovering the profiles of these users, taking into account their way of acting and using the Internet, educational administrations can take measures to improve the use and satisfaction of users and that this can be reversed in an improvement in the sustainability and results of the educational system. Our results show 3 segments: Internet addicts, neutral users and anti-Internet users, the latter being the smallest group in our study, although it represents 20% of the parents interviewed

Magnetic Field-Induced Condensation of Triplons in Han Purple Pigment BaCuSi2_2O6_6

Besides being an ancient pigment, BaCuSi$_2$O$_6$ is a quasi-2D magnetic insulator with a gapped spin dimer ground state. The application of strong magnetic fields closes this gap creating a gas of bosonic spin triplet excitations called triplons. The topology of the spin lattice makes BaCuSi$_2$O$_6$ an ideal candidate for studying the Bose-Einstein condensation of triplons as a function of the external magnetic field, which acts as a chemical potential. In agreement with quantum Monte Carlo numerical simulations, we observe a distinct lambda-anomaly in the specific heat together with a maximum in the magnetic susceptibility upon cooling down to liquid Helium temperatures.Comment: published on August 20, 200